一、简介
Gui的核心技术:Swing AWT
现在gui逐渐被淘汰,因为:
- 界面不美观
- 需要jre环境
为什么我们要学习?
- 可以写出自己想要的小工具
- 工作时候可能会遇到维护Swing界面,概率特别小!
- 了解MVC架构,了解监听!
二、AWT
1、介绍
- 包含了很多类和接口!GUI!
- 元素:窗口、按钮、文本框
- java.awt
2、组件和容器
2.1Frame
- 单个frame
方法名 | 描述 |
---|---|
setVisible(true) | 组件可见(True)/不可见(False) |
setLocation(int x,int y) | 组件初始位置 |
setResizable(false) | 设置大小是否固定 |
setSize(int x,int y) | 设置窗口大小 |
setBackground(new Color(161, 52, 52)) | 设置窗口颜色 |
setBounds(int x, int y,int w, int h) | 设置初始位置+窗口大小 |
package com.gong.Demo01;
import java.awt.*;
/**
* frame窗口
*/
public class Demo01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//Frame jdk
Frame frame = new Frame("第一个Frame");
//需要设置可见性
frame.setVisible(true);
//设置初始位置
frame.setLocation(100,100);
//设置大小固定
frame.setResizable(false);
//设置窗口大小
frame.setSize(400,400);
//设置窗口颜色
frame.setBackground(new Color(161, 52, 52));
}
}
效果:
问题:无法关闭窗口,停止java程序!
- 如何一次性输出多个frame
我们套先写一个先写一个frame的封装类MyFrame然后再写测试类Frame02:
package com.gong.Demo01;
import java.awt.*;
public class Frame02 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(100, 100, 200, 200,Color.red);
MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(300, 100, 200, 200,Color.green);
MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(100, 300, 200, 200,Color.blue);
MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(300, 300, 200, 200,Color.pink);
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame {
static int id = 0;//窗口ID
//先写构造函数
public MyFrame(int x, int y, int w, int h,Color color) {
super("MyFrame" + (++id));
//一次性设置setsize和setLocation
setBounds(x, y, w, h);
//可视
setVisible(true);
//不可缩放
setResizable(false);
//设置背景颜色
setBackground(color);
}
}
效果:
2.2panel 面板
- frame中放置一个固定面板
- Panel是面板,可以放在窗口中,不能单独存在
- 方法
add();
将组件放入容器中
package com.gong.Demo01;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
/**
* panel面板
*/
public class Panel03 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame("Panel学习");
Panel panel = new Panel();
//设置布局
frame.setLayout(null);
//frame坐标 是绝对位置
frame.setBounds(400, 400, 500, 500);
//panel坐标 是相对位置 在frame内部
panel.setBounds(100,100,300,300);
//颜色设置
frame.setBackground(Color.cyan);
panel.setBackground(Color.pink);
//绑定panel
frame.add(panel);
//可视化
frame.setVisible(true);
//事件监听 点x可以关闭的设置
//要使用适配模式 减少重写方法
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
//0正常退出 1异常
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
- 显示效果
注意:由于写了关闭事件监听器,所以点击关闭可以退出窗口。
3、布局管理
-
流式布局 Flowlayout
-
setLayout();
设置布局
package com.gong.Demo01;
import java.awt.*;
/**
* 流式布局
*/
public class TestFlowLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame("流布局");
//设置布局为流式布局 向左对齐
frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
//按钮
Button button1 = new Button("button1");
Button button2 = new Button("button2");
Button button3 = new Button("button3");
Button button4 = new Button("button4");
Button button5 = new Button("button5");
frame.add(button1);
frame.add(button2);
frame.add(button3);
frame.add(button4);
frame.add(button5);
frame.setSize(500,500);
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setLocation(100, 100);
}
}
-
五点式布局(东西南北中)
package com.gong.Demo01;
import java.awt.*;
/**
* 五点式布局
*/
public class TestBorderLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame("五点式布局");
Button east = new Button("East");
Button west = new Button("West");
Button south = new Button("South");
Button north = new Button("North");
Button center = new Button("Center");
frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);
frame.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST);
frame.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
frame.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH);
frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);
frame.setSize(300,300);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
-
表格布局 GridLayout
package com.gong.Demo01;
import java.awt.*;
/**
* 表格布局
*/
public class TestGridLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame("表格布局");
//设置布局为表格布局
frame.setLayout(new GridLayout());
Button button1 = new Button("button1");
Button button2 = new Button("button2");
Button button3 = new Button("button3");
Button button4 = new Button("button4");
Button button5 = new Button("button5");
Button button6 = new Button("button6");
frame.add(button1);
frame.add(button2);
frame.add(button3);
frame.add(button4);
frame.add(button5);
frame.add(button6);
frame.setVisible(true);
//pack是java的方法自动填充
//frame.pack();
frame.setSize(300,300);
}
}
运用,Homework
package com.gong.Demo01;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
/**
* 实现要求布局
*/
public class HomeWork {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame("HomeWork");
frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 1));
//frame.setResizable(false);
Panel panel1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
Panel panel2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));
Panel panel3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
Panel panel4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,2));
frame.setSize(600,600);
frame.setLocation(600, 400);
frame.setVisible(true);
//上半部分
panel1.add(new Button("west-1"),BorderLayout.WEST);
panel1.add(new Button("east-1"),BorderLayout.EAST);
panel1.add(panel2);
panel2.add(new Button("top1"),BorderLayout.NORTH);
panel2.add(new Button("top2"),BorderLayout.SOUTH);
frame.add(panel1);
//下半部分
panel3.add(new Button("west-2"),BorderLayout.WEST);
panel3.add(new Button("east-2"),BorderLayout.EAST);
panel3.add(panel4);
for (int i = 1; i < 5; i++) {
panel4.add(new Button("under-btn-"+i));
}
frame.add(panel3);
}
}
总结
- Frame是一个顶级窗口
- Panel无法单独显示,必须添加到某个容器中
- 布局管理器
- 流式布局
FlowLayout
- 东西南北中
BorderLayout
- 表格
GridLayout
- 流式布局
- 大小、颜色、背景颜色、可见性
4、事件监听
事件监听:当某个事情发生的时候,干什么
addActionListener()
添加事件监听
package test.lxz.demo06;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestActionEvent {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//按下按钮,触发一些事件
Frame frame = new Frame();
Button button = new Button();
button.addActionListener(new MyActionListener());
//给button添加一个事件监听器addActionListener
//发现addActionListener需要一个参数ActionListener
//参数ActionListener点进去看是一个接口
//于是我们写一个类MyActionListener来实现这个接口,在这个类里面写上我们想绑定实现的事情
frame.add(button, BorderLayout.CENTER);
frame.pack();
frame.setVisible(true);
windowClose(frame);//关闭窗口
}
//关闭窗体的事件
private static void windowClose(Frame frame) {
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
//事件监听
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener {
//Alt+ins,自动填充需要实现的成员方法
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//写上我们想做的事件;
//即绑定事件
System.out.println("我是button,您已点击");
//System.exit(0);//退出系统
}
}
多个按钮,实现同一个窗口
package com.gong.Demo02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
/**
* 事件监听
*/
public class Demo01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
Button btn1 = new Button("开始");
Button btn2 = new Button("结束");
btn1.setActionCommand("start");
btn2.setActionCommand("end");
frame.add(btn1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
frame.add(btn2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setSize(100,100);
frame.setLocation(600, 300);
windowClose(frame);
//添加button事件监听
MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
//监听的参数是重写的接口类
btn1.addActionListener(myActionListener);
btn2.addActionListener(myActionListener);
}
//关闭窗口方法
private static void windowClose(Frame frame){
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
//btn1.addActionListener()的参数
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if (e.getActionCommand().equals("start")){
System.out.println("开始开始");
}else if (e.getActionCommand().equals("end")){
System.out.println("结束了");
}
}
}
5、输入框TextField监听
输入框TextField监听按下enter就会触发事件
package com.gong.Demo02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
/**
* 文本框监控
*/
public class TextDemo02 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyFrame();
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
public MyFrame(){
TextField textField = new TextField();
//设置隐藏替换 如需要输入密码的时候
textField.setEchoChar('*');
add(textField);
//输入框监听会在按下enter时触发
MyMonitor myMonitor = new MyMonitor();
textField.addActionListener(myMonitor);
setVisible(true);
setSize(100,100);
setLocation(600, 300);
}
}
class MyMonitor implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//获取输入的东西
TextField text = (TextField) e.getSource();
//getText() 获得输入框文本
System.out.println(text.getText());
//每次输入完后清空
text.setText(""); //null
}
}
6、简易计算器,回顾组合内部类
oop原则:组合,大于 继承!
//继承
class A extends B{
}
//降低耦合而且可以用B的功能
//组合
class A{
public B b{
}
}
package com.gong.Demo02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
/**
* 建议计算器实现
*/
public class TestCalcu {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyCaclulator();
}
}
class MyCaclulator extends Frame {
public MyCaclulator(){
//1.三个输入框
TextField num1 = new TextField(10);
TextField num2 = new TextField(10);
TextField num3 = new TextField(15);
//2.一个label标签
Label label = new Label("+");
//3.一个button按钮
Button button = new Button("=");
//监听
button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(num1,num2,num3));
//布局
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
add(num1);
add(label);
add(num2);
add(button);
add(num3);
//可视
setVisible(true);
setSize(100,100);
pack();
}
}
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
private TextField num1,num2,num3;
public MyCalculatorListener(TextField num1,TextField num2,TextField num3) {
this.num1=num1;
this.num2=num2;
this.num3=num3;
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//确定加数和被加数
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
//将结果放在第三个框
num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
//清空前两个输入框
num1.setText("");
num2.setText("");
}
}
升级版:面向对象,组合类
package test.lxz.demo10;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestCalc {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Calculator calculator = new Calculator();
calculator.loadFrame();
windowsClose(calculator);
}
private static void windowsClose(Calculator calculator) {
calculator.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
super.windowClosing(e);
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
//计算类
class Calculator extends Frame {
//属性
TextField num1, num2, num3;
//方法
public void loadFrame() {
//3个文本框 1个按钮 1个标签
num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
Button button = new Button("=");
button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(this));
Label label = new Label("+");
//布局
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
add(num1);
add(label);
add(num2);
add(button);
add(num3);
pack();
setVisible(true);
}
}
//监听器类
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener {
//获取计算器这个对象,在一个类中组合另外的一个类。
//声明后好赋值
Calculator calculator = null;
public MyCalculatorListener(Calculator calculator) {
this.calculator = calculator;
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//1.获得加数与没被加数
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num1.getText());
int n2 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num2.getText());
//2.运算加法,放到第三个框
calculator.num3.setText("" + (n1 + n2));
//3,清楚前面俩个框
calculator.num1.setText(null);
calculator.num2.setText(null);
}
}
更高级的版本:内部类!! !很重要
- 内部类:更好的包装
- 内部类最大的好处,就是可以畅通无阻的访问外部的属性和方法
package com.gong.Demo02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
/**
* 建议计算器实现
*/
public class TestCalcu {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyCalculator().LoadCalculator();
}
}
//计算类
class MyCalculator extends Frame {
//属性
TextField num1,num2,num3;
//方法
public void LoadCalculator(){
//1.三个输入框
//2.一个label标签
//3.一个button按钮
num1 = new TextField(10);
num2 = new TextField(10);
num3 = new TextField(15);
Label label = new Label("+");
Button button = new Button("=");
//监听
button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener());
//布局
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
add(num1);
add(label);
add(num2);
add(button);
add(num3);
//可视
setVisible(true);
setSize(100,100);
pack();
}
//监听类 内部类
private class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//确定加数和被加数
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
//将结果放在第三个框
num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
//清空前两个输入框
num1.setText("");
num2.setText("");
}
}
}
7、画笔
package com.gong.Demo02;
import java.awt.*;
/**
* 画笔
*/
public class Demo03 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyPaint().LoadMyPaint();
}
}
class MyPaint extends Frame{
public void LoadMyPaint(){
setVisible(true);
setBounds(600,300,600,600);
}
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
//设置画笔颜色以及画个空心圆
g.setColor(Color.cyan);
g.drawOval(100, 100, 100, 100);
//设置画笔颜色以及画个实心矩形
g.setColor(Color.pink);
g.fillRect(200,200,100,100);
//注:画笔每次用完后颜色要重置 改成默认
}
}
8、鼠标监听
addMouseListener();
添加事件监听getMousePosition()
获得鼠标位置x,y
package com.gong.JFrameDemo
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
//鼠标监听事件
public class TestMouseListener {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyFrame frame = new MyFrame("画图");
}
}
//自己的类
class MyFrame extends Frame {
//需要画笔,需要监听鼠标当前位置,需要集合来存储这个点
ArrayList points;
public MyFrame(String title) {
super(title);
setVisible(true);
setBounds(650, 300, 400, 400);
//存鼠标点击的点
points = new ArrayList<>();
//鼠标监听器,针对这个窗口
this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());
/**
* ctrl点击进去,参数是MouseListener对象
* 再点击进去MouseListener,是一个接口继承事件监听类(单击之类的事件监听)
* public interface MouseListener extends EventListener
* 我们写一个MyMouseListener的类来实现MouseListener,发现继承要实现好多个方法
* 这时我们就可以选择采用适配器模式
* private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter{}
* 这样只需重写我们要的方法!!!
*/
this.addWindowListener(new windowsClose());
}
//适配器模式
private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter {
//鼠标 按下 弹起 按住不放
@Override
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
/**
* e.getSource(),返回当前对象
* 谁调用就返回谁
*/
MyFrame myFrame = (MyFrame) e.getSource();
//我们点击的时候,就会在界面上产生一个点!
//这个点就是鼠标的坐标
Point position = myFrame.getMousePosition();
//获取坐标方法2
//new Point(e.getX(),e.getY());
points.add(position);
//每次点击鼠标都需要重新画一遍
myFrame.repaint()
}
}
//画画,那我就重写paint方法
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
//画画,监听鼠标的事件 ==> 所以需要写个鼠标监听器
//鼠标监听器针对窗口,所有写在构造器里面
Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
Point point = (Point) iterator.next();
g.setColor(Color.pink);
g.fillOval(point.x, point.y, 10, 10);
}
}
class windowsClose extends WindowAdapter {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
}
}
9、窗口监听
addWindowListener
窗口监听
重要windowsClosing和windowsActivated
package test.lxz.demo14;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import static java.lang.Thread.sleep;
public class TestWindow {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new WindowFrame();
}
}
class WindowFrame extends Frame {
public WindowFrame() {
setBackground(Color.cyan);
setBounds(650, 300, 500, 500);
setVisible(true);
addWindowListener(new MyWindowListener());
}
//内部类
class MyWindowListener extends WindowAdapter {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
setVisible(false);//隐藏窗口
//思考,通过按钮来绑定隐藏窗口事件
System.exit(0);
}
}
}
这里是内部类,这个类不建议这样写,只用一次,这里建议写成匿名内部类
package test.lxz.demo14;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import static java.lang.Thread.sleep;
public class TestWindow {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new WindowFrame();
}
}
class WindowFrame extends Frame {
public WindowFrame() {
setBackground(Color.cyan);
setBounds(650, 300, 500, 500);
setVisible(true);
//addWindowListener(new MyWindowListener());
this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.out.println("你点击了关闭,即将退出游戏!");
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
/**
* class MyWindowListener extends WindowAdapter {
* @Override
* public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
* setVisible(false);//隐藏窗口
* //思考,通过按钮来绑定隐藏窗口事件
* System.exit(0);
*
* }
* }
*/
}
10、键盘监听
addKeyListener
键盘 监听
package com.gong.Demo03;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
/**
* 键盘监听
*/
public class TestKeyListener {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyKeyListener();
}
}
class MyKeyListener extends Frame{
public MyKeyListener(){
setVisible(true);
setBounds(600, 300, 500, 500);
addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();
System.out.println(keyCode);
//KeyEvent
if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP){
System.out.println("你按了上");
}
}
});
addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
三、Swing
内置了关闭操作不用自己写
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
3.1、窗口、面板
getContentPane()
获取JFrame的内容面板,组件都要放在容器内
- 其他方法和AWT窗口差不多
package test.lxz.swing.demo01;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JFrameDemo {
//init():初始化
//越来越接近实际开发
public void init() {
//JFrame是一个顶级窗口,窗口也是容器
JFrame jFrame = new JFrame("这是一个JFrame窗口");
//jFrame.setBackground(Color.pink);
/**
* 上面的frame.setBackground(Color.pink);无效
* JFrame这样的框架,一旦创建,在其中就已经包含一个内容面板,一般我们在往JFrame中添加组件时,
* 都加在了内容面板中,这个面板可以通过JFrame的成员方法getContentPane()取出来,
* 所以如果设置JFrame的背景颜色,仍然会被内容面板盖住,不如设置内容面板的背景颜色
*
* 这里我们设置背景颜色呢
* 我可以实例化容器
* Container contentPane = jFrame.getContentPane();
* 在容器里设置背景颜色
*/
jFrame.setBounds(650, 300, 500, 500);
jFrame.setVisible(true);
//设置文字Jlable
JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("这是JLabel");
//jFrame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.CENTER));
jLabel.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);//设置水平居中
jFrame.add(jLabel);
//获得容器
Container contentPane = jFrame.getContentPane();
contentPane.setBackground(Color.pink);
//关闭事件
/**
* 人家继承Frame,已经实现许多监听事件,再自己写就很low
* setDefaultCloseOperation默认的关闭事件
* 参数是WindowConstants常量
*/
jFrame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
//接下来才去主函数生成窗口
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JFrameDemo().init();
}
}
3.2、弹窗
弹窗窗口继承JDialog
package test.lxz.swing.demo02;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
//主窗口
public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {
public DialogDemo() {
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(700, 500);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
//JFrame 放东西,容器
Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
//绝对布局
contentPane.setLayout(null);
//按钮
JButton button = new JButton("点击弹出一个对话框");//创建
button.setBounds(30, 30, 200, 50);
//点击这个按钮的时候,弹出一个弹窗
button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { //监听器
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//弹窗
new MyDialog("创建弹窗啦");
}
});
contentPane.add(button);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new DialogDemo();
}
}
//弹窗的窗口
class MyDialog extends JDialog {
public MyDialog(String title) {
this.setBounds(100, 100, 500, 500);
this.setVisible(true);
//this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);多余,默认就可以关掉
Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
contentPane.setLayout(null);
contentPane.setBackground(Color.pink);
JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("这是一个弹窗呀!");
jLabel.setBounds(100, 200, 200, 50);
jLabel.setFont(new Font("", 0, 30));
contentPane.add(jLabel);
}
}
3.3、标签
画一个标签
package test.lxz.swing.demo03;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
//图标,需要实现类,继承Frame
public class IconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {
private int width;
private int height;
public IconDemo() {
}//无参构造函数
public IconDemo(int width, int height) {
this.width = width;
this.height = height;
}
public void init() {
IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(15, 15);
//图标放在标签上,也可以放在按钮上
JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("label放了图标", iconDemo, SwingConstants.CENTER);
Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
contentPane.add(jLabel);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(15, 15);
iconDemo.init();
}
//icon接口实现重写
@Override
public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
g.fillRect(x, y, width, height);
}
@Override
public int getIconWidth() {
return width;
}
@Override
public int getIconHeight() {
return height;
}
}
怎么将图片做成标签呢
ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);
将图片搞成icon
package test.lxz.swing.demo04;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame {
public ImageIconDemo() {
//获取图片的地址
URL url = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("tx.jpg");
ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);
JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("ImageIcon");
jLabel.setIcon(imageIcon);
jLabel.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
Container contentPane = getContentPane();
contentPane.add(jLabel);
setVisible(true);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setBounds(650, 300, 500, 500);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new ImageIconDemo();
}
}
3.4、面板
package cn.lxz.day05.demo05;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {
public JPanelDemo() {
Container container = this.getContentPane();
container.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 1, 10, 10));//后面的两个参数代表间距
JPanel panel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 3));
panel1.add(new Button("button1"));
panel1.add(new Button("button2"));
panel1.add(new Button("button3"));
container.add(panel1);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(100, 100, 500, 500);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JPanelDemo();
}
}
JScrollPanel
JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
卷动面板
package cn.lxz.day05.demo06;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
public JScrollDemo() {
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//文本域
JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
textArea.setText("这是一个文本域");
//Scroll面板
JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
//scrollPane.add(textArea);
container.add(scrollPane);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(600, 300, 300, 300);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JScrollDemo();
}
}
3.5、按钮
按钮添加图标:和给标签添加图标类似
setIcon();
设置按钮iconsetToolTipText();
设置按钮提示
package cn.lxz.day06.demo01;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class JButtonDemo01 extends JFrame {
public JButtonDemo01() {
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//将一个图片变成图标
URL url = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("LXZ.jpg");
Icon icon = new ImageIcon(url);
//把这个图标放在按钮上
JButton button = new JButton();
button.setIcon(icon);//set…什么,这里设置图标咯
button.setToolTipText("图片按钮");//设置提示按钮
//add
container.add(button);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(500, 500);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
JButtonDemo01 jButtonDemo01 = new JButtonDemo01();
}
}
单选按钮:
ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();
由于单选框只能选择一个,所以给他们分个组。一个组中只能选择一个。
package cn.lxz.day06.demo01;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame {
public JButtonDemo02() {
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//将一个图片变成图标
URL url01 = JButtonDemo02.class.getResource("1.png");
URL url02 = JButtonDemo02.class.getResource("2.png");
URL url03 = JButtonDemo02.class.getResource("3.png");
Icon icon01 = new ImageIcon(url01);
Icon icon02 = new ImageIcon(url02);
Icon icon03 = new ImageIcon(url03);
//单选框
JRadioButton jRadioButton01 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton01");
JRadioButton jRadioButton02 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton02");
JRadioButton jRadioButton03 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton03");
jRadioButton01.setIcon(icon01);
jRadioButton02.setIcon(icon02);
jRadioButton03.setIcon(icon03);
//由于单选框只能选择一个,所以给他们分个组。一个组中只能选择一个。
ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();
group.add(jRadioButton01);
group.add(jRadioButton02);
group.add(jRadioButton03);
container.add(jRadioButton01, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
container.add(jRadioButton02, BorderLayout.CENTER);
container.add(jRadioButton03, BorderLayout.NORTH);
this.setVisible(true);
//this.setSize(500, 500);
this.setBounds(700, 300, 600, 600);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JButtonDemo02();
}
}
复选框按钮:
package cn.lxz.day06.demo01;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class JButtonDemo03 extends JFrame {
public JButtonDemo03() {
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//将一个图片变成图标
URL url01 = JButtonDemo03.class.getResource("1.png");
URL url02 = JButtonDemo03.class.getResource("2.png");
URL url03 = JButtonDemo03.class.getResource("3.png");
Icon icon01 = new ImageIcon(url01);
Icon icon02 = new ImageIcon(url02);
Icon icon03 = new ImageIcon(url03);
//多选框
JCheckBox checkBox01 = new JCheckBox("checkBox01");
JCheckBox checkBox02 = new JCheckBox("checkBox02");
JCheckBox checkBox03 = new JCheckBox("checkBox03");
//
// checkBox01.setIcon(icon01);
// checkBox02.setIcon(icon02);
// checkBox03.setIcon(icon03);
container.add(checkBox01, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
container.add(checkBox02, BorderLayout.CENTER);
container.add(checkBox03, BorderLayout.NORTH);
this.setVisible(true);
//this.setSize(500, 500);
this.setBounds(700, 300, 600, 600);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JButtonDemo03();
}
}
3.6、列表
下拉框:
JComboBox comboBox = new JComboBox();
创建下拉框addItem()
列表添加元素
package cn.lxz.day06.demo02;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestComboboxDemo01 extends JFrame {
public TestComboboxDemo01() {
Container container = this.getContentPane();
JComboBox comboBox = new JComboBox();
comboBox.addItem(null);
comboBox.addItem("aaa");
comboBox.addItem("bbb");
comboBox.addItem("ccc");
comboBox.addItem("ddd");
container.add(comboBox);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(700, 300, 500, 500);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TestComboboxDemo01();
}
}
列表框:
- 应用场景
- 选择地区,或者一些单个选项
- 列表,展示信息,一般是动态扩容
package cn.lxz.day06.demo02;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Vector;
public class TestComboboxDemo02 extends JFrame {
public TestComboboxDemo02() {
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//生成列表的内容
//String[] contens = {"1", "2", "3", "4", "5"};
Vector vector = new Vector();
vector.add("列表1");
vector.add("列表2");
vector.add("列表3");
vector.add("列表4");
vector.add("列表5");
vector.add("列表6");
vector.add("列表7");
//列表中需要放入内容
//JList jList = new JList(contens);
JList jList = new JList(vector);
container.add(jList);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(700, 300, 500, 500);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TestComboboxDemo02();
}
}
3.7、文本框
文本框
JTextField jTextField1 = new JTextField()
创建文本狂
package cn.lxz.day06.demo03;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestTextDemo01 extends JFrame {
public TestTextDemo01() {
Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
JTextField jTextField1 = new JTextField("Hello");
JTextField jTextField2 = new JTextField("World", 20);
contentPane.add(jTextField1, BorderLayout.EAST);
contentPane.add(jTextField2, BorderLayout.WEST);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(500, 350);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TestTextDemo01();
}
}
密码框
JPasswordField jPasswordField = new JPasswordField();
创建密码框setEchoChar('#');
手动设置隐藏符
package cn.lxz.day06.demo03;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestTextDemo03 extends JFrame {
public TestTextDemo03() {
Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
JPasswordField jPasswordField = new JPasswordField();//默认就是*****
//手动设置为###########
jPasswordField.setEchoChar('#');
contentPane.add(jPasswordField);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
this.setSize(500, 350);
this.setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TestTextDemo03();
}
}
文本域
JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20,50);
创建文本域
package cn.lxz.day05.demo06;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
public JScrollDemo() {
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//文本域
JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
textArea.setText("这是一个文本域");
//Scroll面板
JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
//scrollPane.add(textArea);
container.add(scrollPane);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(600, 300, 300, 300);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JScrollDemo();
}
}